Lithium Battery Manufacturing

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Efficient and Safe Treatment for High-Load Battery Wastewater

Wastewater generated during lithium battery production contains fluorides, lithium salts, nickel, cobalt, and other metal ions, as well as alkaline cleaning agents and organic binders from slurry preparation and coating processes.
These effluents are highly corrosive and variable in composition, requiring advanced, multi-stage treatment engineered for chemical and thermal stability.

Deepflow provides an integrated modular solution for electrode manufacturing lines, electrolyte preparation, and recycling facilities.
Our systems combine chemical-physical neutralization (RaeX), membrane separation (Seltra), and vacuum or polymer-film evaporation (Aevya / PFET) to achieve stable, energy-efficient removal of salts, organics, and fine particles.
For high-volume or high-fluoride wastewater, the PFET polymer-film evaporator offers excellent anti-scaling performance and very low maintenance.

Reliable and Sustainable Treatment for Lithium-Containing Effluents

In the final concentration and crystallization stage, Deepflow integrates Vorkx crystallizers and RedGan dryers to reach Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD).
We have proven experience in sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) crystallization with continuous, stable operation, and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) processing through dedicated pretreatment systems that stabilize solubility and prevent scaling or carryover losses.
Systems can be manufactured in Titanium Grade 2 or Super Duplex 2507 to ensure maximum corrosion resistance.

Typical Wastewater Sources

Cathode and anode slurry preparation wastewater
Equipment cleaning and rinsing water
Electrolyte preparation wastewater
Battery recycling and regeneration wastewater
Lithium hydroxide refining and crystallization wastewater

Process Flow

1. Equalization and buffering → flow homogenization

2. RaeX chemical-physical treatment → neutralization and heavy metal precipitation

3. Seltra membrane filtration → ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis for water reuse

4. Aevya / PFET evaporation → concentration and salt separation

5. Vorkx crystallization → recovery of sodium sulfate and lithium salts

6. RedGan drying (DYS) → final drying of salts and minimization of solid waste

7. Distillate reuse → high-purity water recovery for process return

Your Advantages at a Glance

Efficient removal of fluoride, lithium, and transition metals (Ni, Co)
Proven crystallization know-how for Na₂SO₄ and LiOH, including tailored pretreatment
PFET for high-volume, high-fluoride wastewater; Aevya for concentrated streams
ZLD-ready with integrated Vorkx crystallization and RedGan DYS drying
Low chemical and energy consumption through heat recovery and smart control
Compact skid-mounted modular design for easy installation and expansion
Optional construction in Titanium Gr.2 / Super Duplex 2507 for aggressive chemistries

Recommended products

DES – Single-effect, steam/waste heat
DEH – Single-effect, heat pump
DE2S – Multi-effect, steam/waste heat
DE2H – Multi-effect, heat pump
DEP – PFET polymer film evaporator
DUF-Ultrafiltration (UF) systems
DRO-Reverse Osmosis (RO) systems
DYS – Horizontal dryer with scraper, steam/hot water

Q&A

Q

Can RaeX automatically adjust chemical dosing based on real-time water changes?

A

Yes. Advanced RaeX systems use pH, conductivity, and turbidity sensors with PLC control to adjust reagent dosing dynamically.

Q

How is clarification efficiency evaluated?

A

It is assessed through turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), floc quality, and retention time — by comparing inlet and outlet performance.
Q

How should flocculant or reagent solutions be stored to maintain stability?

A

They should be kept in sealed containers, at stable temperature, away from light, and at consistent concentration to prevent degradation.

Q

How often should deep chemical cleaning be performed compared to routine CIP?

A

When standard CIP cannot restore performance or solids removal efficiency, a stronger chemical regeneration should be carried out.
Q

How should polymers be mixed to optimize particle binding?

A

Begin with vigorous mixing to disperse the polymer, followed by gentle agitation to promote floc growth — the “bridging” principle.

Q

How does temperature influence floc formation?

A

Higher temperature accelerates reaction kinetics but may reduce floc stability and adsorption performance.